名词的翻译方法

1、不认识的名词

（1）从文章句形找它的解释

例：Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.

未来学家皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的新技术千年历，它列出了人们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。

（2）看看前边有没有同义词

例：But that,Pearson points out,is only the start of man-machine integration:It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.

但皮尔森指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化的开始：“它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一步，人机一体化最终会使人们在下世纪末之前研制出完全电子化的仿真人。”

（3）从构词法找答案

例：Astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures,and may report their findings soon.

天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器，正越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久后会报告他们的观测结果。

2、产生新意的名词

（1）用逻辑推理法

例：In general,the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined.

一般地说，当所要测定的特征能很精确地界定时，测试最为有效；而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时，测试的效果则最差。