Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. 

For questions 1-7, mark

Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

The Trouble With Television

It is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical averages, by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20,000 hours of television. You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.

Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical col?lege undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or en?gineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it ap?pealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it.

The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never con?centrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification（满意）. It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain.

Television's variety becomes a narcotic（麻醉的）, nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic （万花筒般的）exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more of?ten car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps（篡夺；侵占） one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.